Rats were anesthetized intraperitoneally with 3% pentobarbital sodium (40 mg/kg). After mechanical ventilation, the rats were subjected to a thoracotomy to expose the hearts and ascending aorta. Finally, the ascending aorta was occluded for 10 s, and 8,000 polyester microspheres (diameter 42 um, Biosphere Medical, Rockland, MA, United States ) were injected into the left ventricle at the same time, while the sham-operated rats received the same dosage of normal saline instead. Forin vivotreatment, rats were treated with recombinant adeno-associated virus 9 (rAAV9)-GFP-shPtsg2 (Hanbio, Shanghai, China) or rAAV9-GFP-shHif1a (Genechem, Shanghai, China) at a dose of 1 x 1012 VG in 200 uL salineviaa single tail vein before CME. Deferoxamine (DFO) was purchased from Selleck (Shanghai, China) and administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 100 mg/kg for 7 days before CME. ATV (Pfizer, New York, United Kingdom) was administered intragastrically at a dose of 10 mg/kg for 7 days before CME.

Male mice were used in this research. The mice were housed in a colony room at a controlled temperature (22) and humidity, under a 12-h light/dark cycle, and with food and water freely available. All surgical procedures were carried out in accordance with the National Institutes of Health Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. In brief, the mice were anesthetized by 3% pentobarbital sodium and then ligated the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery (LAD) for 48 h to establish the in vivo MI models. The sham group mice were opened the chest bur not ligated with LAD. The mice were randomly divided into three groups as follows: (1) the sham group, which underwent sham operation and received vehicle (PBS, caudal vein injection); (2) the model group, which was subjected to LAD and received vehicle (PBS, caudal vein injection); and (3) the siRNA group, which were subjected to LAD and treated with siRNA of lncRNA Gm47283 (30 nM siRNA dose per mice every day for one week, caudal vein injection).

Male mice were used in this research. The mice were housed in a colony room at a controlled temperature (22) and humidity, under a 12-h light/dark cycle, and with food and water freely available. All surgical procedures were carried out in accordance with the National Institutes of Health Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. In brief, the mice were anesthetized by 3% pentobarbital sodium and then ligated the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery (LAD) for 48 h to establish the in vivo MI models. The sham group mice were opened the chest bur not ligated with LAD. The mice were randomly divided into three groups as follows: (1) the sham group, which underwent sham operation and received vehicle (PBS, caudal vein injection); (2) the model group, which was subjected to LAD and received vehicle (PBS, caudal vein injection); and (3) the siRNA group, which were subjected to LAD and treated with siRNA of lncRNA Gm47283 (30 nM siRNA dose per mice every day for one week, caudal vein injection).

Male Wistar rats (200-250 g) were obtained from Slac Laboratory Animal Center (Shanghai, China) and kept in cages. The rats were anesthetized with 1% pentobarbital and then lied on its back. Thereafter, the left precordial area of the rats were shaved and disinfected, followed by trachea intubation for artificial ventilation. After the left thoracotomy, the heart was fully exposed and the left coronary artery (LAD) was ligated with a 6-0 prolene suture at 2-3 mm from its origin between the pulmonary artery conus and the left atrial appendage. After 30 min, the suture was gently removed to allow reperfusion for 2 h.

The generation of Bach1-/-mice on the C57BL/6J background was described previously. Mice 13 weeks of age were analyzed for models of AMI. The mice were subjected to ligation of the proximal LAD to induce AMI. They were randomly assigned to sham or AMI, DMSO, or DFX groups.

Male mice were used in this research. The mice were housed in a colony room at a controlled temperature (22) and humidity, under a 12-h light/dark cycle, and with food and water freely available. All surgical procedures were carried out in accordance with the National Institutes of Health Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. In brief, the mice were anesthetized by 3% pentobarbital sodium and then ligated the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery (LAD) for 48 h to establish the in vivo MI models. The sham group mice were opened the chest bur not ligated with LAD. The mice were randomly divided into three groups as follows: (1) the sham group, which underwent sham operation and received vehicle (PBS, caudal vein injection); (2) the model group, which was subjected to LAD and received vehicle (PBS, caudal vein injection); and (3) the siRNA group, which were subjected to LAD and treated with siRNA of lncRNA Gm47283 (30 nM siRNA dose per mice every day for one week, caudal vein injection).

Male mice were used in this research. The mice were housed in a colony room at a controlled temperature (22) and humidity, under a 12-h light/dark cycle, and with food and water freely available. All surgical procedures were carried out in accordance with the National Institutes of Health Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. In brief, the mice were anesthetized by 3% pentobarbital sodium and then ligated the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery (LAD) for 48 h to establish the in vivo MI models. The sham group mice were opened the chest bur not ligated with LAD. The mice were randomly divided into three groups as follows: (1) the sham group, which underwent sham operation and received vehicle (PBS, caudal vein injection); (2) the model group, which was subjected to LAD and received vehicle (PBS, caudal vein injection); and (3) the siRNA group, which were subjected to LAD and treated with siRNA of lncRNA Gm47283 (30 nM siRNA dose per mice every day for one week, caudal vein injection).

Male Sprague-Dawley rats (450 g-550 g) were purchased from Envigo (Frederick, Md). Animals were kept under standard conditions with a 12/12-h day/night cycle and received food and waterad libitum. Following induction with inhaling low flow CO2 for 30 s, animals were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of pentobarbital (45 mg/kg). Additional doses (10 mg/kg) were administered as needed based on tail pinch/withdrawal reflex to maintain anesthesia.

The male C57BL/6 mice (20-25 g, 10-week-old) were purchased from the Experimental Animal Center of Harbin Medical University (Harbin, China). Mice were anaesthetized with pentobarbital sodium (30 mg/kg, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, USA) by intraperitoneal injection. The animals were fixed on the operating table in supine position, and the chest were sterilized and opened by blunt separation at the left 4th intercosal space. In the model group, the left anterior descending artery (LAD) was ligated with 7/0 silk suture for 3 days.

The male C57BL/6 mice (20-25 g, 10-week-old) were purchased from the Experimental Animal Center of Harbin Medical University (Harbin, China). Mice were anaesthetized with pentobarbital sodium (30 mg/kg, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, USA) by intraperitoneal injection. The animals were fixed on the operating table in supine position, and the chest were sterilized and opened by blunt separation at the left 4th intercosal space. In the model group, the left anterior descending artery (LAD) was ligated with 7/0 silk suture for 3 days.

A total of 72 C57BL/6J mice (six animals per group) were obtained from the Shanghai Laboratory Animals Center. The mouse model of AMI was performed by permanent ligation of the LAD coronary artery. PBS or exosomes (5 ug, in 20 ul PBS) was injected into the border zone of infarcted heart at three sites.

The generation of Bach1-/-mice on the C57BL/6J background was described previously. Mice 13 weeks of age were analyzed for models of AMI. The mice were subjected to ligation of the proximal LAD to induce AMI. They were randomly assigned to sham or AMI, DMSO, or DFX groups.

The generation of Bach1-/-mice on the C57BL/6J background was described previously. Mice 13 weeks of age were analyzed for models of AMI. The mice were subjected to ligation of the proximal LAD to induce AMI. They were randomly assigned to sham or AMI, DMSO, or DFX groups.

The mice were randomly divided into 3 groups as follows: sham + vehicle (5% DMSO + 10% PEG + 20% Tween80) group; MI + vehicle group; and MI + idebenone group. The 3 groups of mice then received vehicle or idebenone (100 mg/kg) in a final volume of 100 uL by intraperitoneal injections (Lee et al., 2021) 24 h and 2 h prior to surgery. A mouse model of MI was used as previously described (Guo et al., 2022b). In short, mice were placed under general anesthesia by intraperitoneal injection of pentobarbital, then endotracheal intubation and artificial respiration were performed. The left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) of mice was ligated with a 6-0 silk suture, and the color of the LAD wall becoming pale confirmed the occlusion of the vessel. The same procedures were carried out on mice in the sham operation group, but with no LAD occlusion. The 3 groups of mice then received vehicle or idebenone (100 mg/kg/day) in a final volume of 100 uL by intraperitoneal injections once daily for 3 days.

C57BL/6J male mice of SPF grade, 8-10 weeks old, were used. The day before operation, the mice in the MI + ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) group were injected a dose of 1 mg/kg ferroptosis inhibitor Fer-1 (SML0583-5MG, Sigma-Aldrich, USA). Fer-1 was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), then diluted in sterile saline. The sham group and the MI + NS group were injected with the same dose of saline (NS). The mice were anesthetized by 3% pentobarbital sodium via intraperitoneal injection, and the MI model was established by ligating the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery (LAD) for 30 min.

C57BL/6J male mice of SPF grade, 8-10 weeks old, were used. The day before operation, the mice in the MI + ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) group were injected a dose of 1 mg/kg ferroptosis inhibitor Fer-1 (SML0583-5MG, Sigma-Aldrich, USA). Fer-1 was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), then diluted in sterile saline. The sham group and the MI + NS group were injected with the same dose of saline (NS). The mice were anesthetized by 3% pentobarbital sodium via intraperitoneal injection, and the MI model was established by ligating the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery (LAD) for 30 min.

C57BL/6J male mice of SPF grade, 8-10 weeks old, were used. The day before operation, the mice in the MI + ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) group were injected a dose of 1 mg/kg ferroptosis inhibitor Fer-1 (SML0583-5MG, Sigma-Aldrich, USA). Fer-1 was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), then diluted in sterile saline. The sham group and the MI + NS group were injected with the same dose of saline (NS). The mice were anesthetized by 3% pentobarbital sodium via intraperitoneal injection, and the MI model was established by ligating the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery (LAD) for 30 min.