Animals (n = 7) were given 2.5% DSS in drinking water for 5 days and then no treatment for 14 days as one cycle; this process was repeated for three cycles. In the last cycle, 2% DSS water treated to each group and no treatment for 14 days. During the three DSS cycle, 3 mg/kg bromelain were injected daily intraperitoneally and colon and spleen tissues were harvested after three DSS cycle in 57 days to study polyp burden and to perform histological staining.

A subcutaneous tumor-bearing nude mouse model was established by injecting the flank of BALB/c nude mice with 5 x 10⁶ H460 cells. Ten days later, mice were blindly randomized into four groups and intravenously injected with 200 ul ddH2O containing 0.1% CMC-Na and 1% Tween 80, iron chelators DFO (100 mg/kg/day), curcumenol (200 mg/kg/day), and curcumenol combine DFO. Tumor long diameter, short diameter, and body weight were detected every two days after the first drug treatment. The tumor volume calculation formula: (tumor long diameter x tumor short diameter2)/2. Finally, mice were sacrificed. All tumors were collected for immunohistochemical (IHC) staining.

C57BL/6 mice (4- to 6-week-old male) were fed in a pathogen-free vivarium under standard conditions at the animal care facility at Sun Yat-sen University. Hepa 1-6 cells transduced with RBMS1 or GPX4 or circIDE overexpression lentiviral vectors were subcutaneously injected into the right flank of mice in 100 ul of sterile PBS. IVIS images were taken.