Male mice were purchased from Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine's Experimental Animal Center C57BL/6 mice (7-week-old, 20 g) (Guangzhou, China). After one week of adaptively feeding with chow meals and sterilized water, the animals were separated into five groups of ten mice randomly assigned to the negative control (NC); model, positive control (PC); model group; high dosage of BCA treatment (BCA-H) group; and low dosage of BCA treatment (BCA-L) group. The iron overload mice model was designed based on earlier research. Except for the NC group, mice were administered ID intraperitoneally (500 mg/kg) once a week for eight weeks. In the right knee joints, OA was induced with the initial injection of iron dextran two weeks after the injection by destabilizing the medial meniscus (DMM) using a microscope. After the operation, the positive control group was administered with NAC intragastrically (100 mg/kg) for eight weeks. BCA-H and BCA-L groups were administered 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg of BCA separately for eight weeks according to previous studies.

Male mice were purchased from Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine's Experimental Animal Center C57BL/6 mice (7-week-old, 20 g) (Guangzhou, China). After one week of adaptively feeding with chow meals and sterilized water, the animals were separated into five groups of ten mice randomly assigned to the negative control (NC); model, positive control (PC); model group; high dosage of BCA treatment (BCA-H) group; and low dosage of BCA treatment (BCA-L) group. The iron overload mice model was designed based on earlier research. Except for the NC group, mice were administered ID intraperitoneally (500 mg/kg) once a week for eight weeks. In the right knee joints, OA was induced with the initial injection of iron dextran two weeks after the injection by destabilizing the medial meniscus (DMM) using a microscope. After the operation, the positive control group was administered with NAC intragastrically (100 mg/kg) for eight weeks. BCA-H and BCA-L groups were administered 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg of BCA separately for eight weeks according to previous studies.

Male mice were purchased from Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine's Experimental Animal Center C57BL/6 mice (7-week-old, 20 g) (Guangzhou, China). After one week of adaptively feeding with chow meals and sterilized water, the animals were separated into five groups of ten mice randomly assigned to the negative control (NC); model, positive control (PC); model group; high dosage of BCA treatment (BCA-H) group; and low dosage of BCA treatment (BCA-L) group. The iron overload mice model was designed based on earlier research. Except for the NC group, mice were administered ID intraperitoneally (500 mg/kg) once a week for eight weeks. In the right knee joints, OA was induced with the initial injection of iron dextran two weeks after the injection by destabilizing the medial meniscus (DMM) using a microscope. After the operation, the positive control group was administered with NAC intragastrically (100 mg/kg) for eight weeks. BCA-H and BCA-L groups were administered 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg of BCA separately for eight weeks according to previous studies.

Male mice were purchased from Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine's Experimental Animal Center C57BL/6 mice (7-week-old, 20 g) (Guangzhou, China). After one week of adaptively feeding with chow meals and sterilized water, the animals were separated into five groups of ten mice randomly assigned to the negative control (NC); model, positive control (PC); model group; high dosage of BCA treatment (BCA-H) group; and low dosage of BCA treatment (BCA-L) group. The iron overload mice model was designed based on earlier research. Except for the NC group, mice were administered ID intraperitoneally (500 mg/kg) once a week for eight weeks. In the right knee joints, OA was induced with the initial injection of iron dextran two weeks after the injection by destabilizing the medial meniscus (DMM) using a microscope. After the operation, the positive control group was administered with NAC intragastrically (100 mg/kg) for eight weeks. BCA-H and BCA-L groups were administered 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg of BCA separately for eight weeks according to previous studies.