C57BL/6 J pregnant mice (E15 ~ E16 day) were disinfected with 75% alcohol and then decapitated. The brain was collected and washed in pre-cold D-Hanks solution with the midbrain and hippocampus being removed. The cortex was collected and the meninx was removed. Then the brain tissues were made into 1 mm³ blocks for digestion with 1 ~ 2 mL lysis at 37 for 15 min. The tissues were cultured in high glucose DMEM to terminate the digestion and made into single-cell suspension. The suspension was filtered through a 70 um mesh screen for centrifugation for 5 min with the supernatant being removed. High glucose DMEM was used to re-suspended cells and the concentration of cells was adjusted for cells were seeded into the plate. About 4 h later, the high glucose DMEM was replaced with Neurobasal medium (containing 2% B27). The culture medium was half refreshed every 2 ~ 3 d. The cells were cultured for 8 ~ 10 d before following experiments.

Six-week-old C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into two groups; the first group was fed a 45% high fat diet for 20 weeks while the control group were fed a normal chow diet. ATM-exosomes isolated from obese and lean mice were transferred into normal mice via tailvein injection(30 ug per week), as previously described. To investigate glutathione synthesis, 20 mM l-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine (BSO) was added to the drinking water and administered to mice for 2 weeks. To inhibit ferroptosis, mice were given an intraperitoneal injection with Fer-1 (1 mg/kg).